Trinidad & Tobago Investing: 2025’s Breakout Market? Surprising Opportunities Revealed

Table of Contents

• Executive Overview: Trinidad and Tobago’s Investment Landscape (2025–2030)
• Key Economic Indicators and Growth Sectors
• Legal Framework: Company Setup, Property, and Ownership Rights
• Taxation and Fiscal Incentives for Investors
• Sector Deep Dive: Energy, Tourism, and Emerging Industries
• Regulatory Compliance and Investment Protections
• Labor Market, Talent Pool, and Workforce Considerations
• Infrastructure, Digitalization, and Logistics
• Risks, Challenges, and Mitigation Strategies
• 2025–2030 Outlook: Trends, Forecasts, and Strategic Recommendations
• Sources & References

Executive Overview: Trinidad and Tobago’s Investment Landscape (2025–2030)

Trinidad and Tobago, as the southernmost nation in the Caribbean, continues to position itself as a strategic hub for investment throughout 2025 and into the latter part of the decade. The country’s robust energy sector, coupled with ongoing diversification efforts, shapes its investment landscape, while regulatory reforms and government incentives aim to attract both local and foreign investors.

The Trinidad and Tobago economy is projected to grow in 2025, with the Ministry of Finance forecasting GDP growth driven primarily by the resurgence of the energy and petrochemical sectors, underpinned by new upstream gas developments and sustained global demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG). The non-energy sector, specifically manufacturing, ICT, and tourism, is also a focus of government-led diversification initiatives. Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows have stabilized since the disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic, with the most recent Central Bank data indicating steady capital inflows, particularly into energy, manufacturing, and financial services.

The investment climate is governed primarily by the Foreign Investment Act, the Companies Act, and sector-specific regulations overseen by agencies such as the Trinidad and Tobago Securities and Exchange Commission and the Invest Trinidad and Tobago. The government has introduced enhanced compliance requirements in line with international standards, especially regarding anti-money laundering (AML) and combating the financing of terrorism (CFT), as reflected in recent updates to the Proceeds of Crime Act and the Financial Intelligence Unit’s compliance guidelines (Financial Intelligence Unit of Trinidad and Tobago).

Key incentives for investors include tax holidays, import duty concessions, and full repatriation of profits for qualifying investments, as administered under the Strategic Investment Programme. The Ministry of Legal Affairs has also streamlined company registration processes, reducing bureaucracy and encouraging entrepreneurship.

Notably, Trinidad and Tobago’s compliance with international transparency and regulatory frameworks has improved, with ongoing collaboration with the Caribbean Financial Action Task Force and adoption of OECD recommendations.

• Key Statistics (2025): GDP growth estimated at 2.5–3.0%; FDI inflows approaching pre-pandemic levels; inflation contained within the 3–4% range (Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago).
• Legal/Compliance Outlook: Heightened AML/CFT obligations; ongoing digitalization of regulatory filings and investor services; commitment to fair competition and investor protection.

Looking ahead to 2030, Trinidad and Tobago’s outlook remains cautiously optimistic. The country’s legal and regulatory reforms, commitment to transparency, and economic diversification efforts are expected to further enhance its attractiveness as a regional investment destination.

Key Economic Indicators and Growth Sectors

Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) remains one of the Caribbean’s most advanced economies, underpinned by its energy sector. In 2025, key economic indicators signal cautious optimism for investors, with the nation’s GDP projected to grow modestly after fluctuations caused by global energy price volatility and pandemic-related impacts. The Central Statistical Office reported Trinidad and Tobago’s GDP at approximately TT$180 billion in 2023, with a continued recovery expected as global demand for hydrocarbons stabilizes (Central Statistical Office).

The energy sector continues to be the mainstay of the economy, accounting for over 30% of GDP and approximately 80% of export earnings. Recent government policies aim to attract foreign investment into upstream and downstream operations, as well as encourage diversification into petrochemicals and LNG. Notably, the National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago has advanced projects to enhance gas processing and distribution infrastructure, and the government’s 2024/2025 budget includes incentives for enhanced oil recovery and decarbonization technologies (Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries).

Outside of energy, the government is prioritizing growth in manufacturing, financial services, ICT, and agriculture. In 2024, manufacturing output saw a modest increase, contributing nearly 20% to non-energy GDP, supported by tax incentives and export facilitation programs. The ICT sector is targeted for expansion through the National Digital Transformation Strategy, with planned investments in broadband connectivity and e-government services (Ministry of Digital Transformation).

Key statistics for investors in 2025:

• Inflation is projected to remain under 4%, aided by central bank monetary policy tightening (Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago).
• Unemployment is expected to stabilize below 5%, reflecting a gradual rebound in services and construction.
• Foreign direct investment inflows are forecast to improve, especially in energy, downstream manufacturing, and ICT.

Looking ahead, the government’s Vision 2030 plan emphasizes sustainable diversification, renewable energy development, and climate resilience as central to future growth. Policy reforms—such as updated Special Economic Zone legislation and improved ease of doing business—are anticipated to make T&T more attractive to international investors. However, global energy trends, regulatory compliance, and local content requirements will remain critical considerations for investment decisions in the next several years (Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago).

Legal Framework: Company Setup, Property, and Ownership Rights

Trinidad and Tobago offers a relatively clear legal framework for company setup and property ownership, aiming to attract both local and foreign investors. The Companies Act, Chapter 81:01, is the principal legislation governing the formation, operation, and dissolution of companies. Investors may choose among several business structures, including limited liability companies, partnerships, and sole proprietorships. Registration is overseen by the Companies Registry, with mandatory filings and fee payments as stipulated in the Act. Notably, foreign investors are permitted to fully own companies, although certain sectors may be subject to additional licensing or restrictions Ministry of the Attorney General and Legal Affairs.

Real estate acquisition by foreigners is addressed by the Foreign Investment Act, Chapter 70:07. This law allows non-nationals to purchase up to one acre of land for residential use and up to five acres for commercial purposes without a license; acquisitions beyond these limits require ministerial approval. All land transactions must be registered with the Land Registry, and due diligence is essential to confirm clear title and absence of encumbrances. Leaseholds and freeholds are recognized, and the Torrens system of land registration is in force, providing legal certainty of ownership Ministry of the Attorney General and Legal Affairs.

In terms of compliance, all businesses must adhere to the Trinidad and Tobago Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing regulations, especially those in finance, real estate, and legal sectors. Annual returns, financial statements, and beneficial ownership disclosures are required for most companies. The Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) actively monitors compliance and enforces penalties for violations Financial Intelligence Unit of Trinidad and Tobago.

According to the Registrar General, company incorporations rebounded in recent years, with over 2,500 new companies registered in 2023. Foreign direct investment inflows have been steady, indicative of investor confidence in the legal framework Registrar General’s Department. However, investors should monitor forthcoming legislative reforms aiming to streamline company registration and enhance transparency, as well as possible updates to land ownership rules to align with international best practices.

Looking ahead to 2025 and beyond, Trinidad and Tobago is expected to continue modernizing its business and property laws. Digitalization of company and land registries is a key government priority, promising greater efficiency and transparency. While the overall outlook remains positive, investors are advised to stay abreast of regulatory changes and perform thorough due diligence to ensure compliance and safeguard their investments.

Taxation and Fiscal Incentives for Investors

Trinidad and Tobago offers a range of taxation policies and fiscal incentives designed to attract foreign and domestic investment, particularly in sectors targeted for economic diversification. As of 2025, the tax environment is governed by several key statutes, including the Income Tax Act, the Corporation Tax Act, and the Petroleum Taxes Act, all administered by the Inland Revenue Division of the Ministry of Finance.

Corporate income tax is set at a standard rate of 30% for most companies, with a higher rate of 35% applied to specific sectors such as banking, insurance, and petroleum operations. The personal income tax rate is 25% on chargeable income up to TTD 1 million, and 30% on income above that threshold. Value Added Tax (VAT) is levied at 12.5%, with various exemptions for basic goods and services (Inland Revenue Division).

Investors may benefit from a suite of fiscal incentives under the Ministry of Trade and Industry). Key programs include:

• Pioneer Status: Grants tax holidays of up to 10 years for companies investing in designated industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, and ICT.
• Free Zones: Under the Free Zones Act, qualifying firms operating in prescribed zones benefit from exemption from corporation tax, import duties, VAT, and certain local taxes (Export Centres Company Limited).
• Tourism Incentives: The Tourism Development Act provides tax exemptions on profits and customs duties for approved tourism projects (Ministry of Tourism, Culture and the Arts).
• Special Economic Zones (SEZs): The Special Economic Zones Act, 2022, operationalized in 2024, introduces new frameworks for SEZs, offering tax holidays and streamlined customs procedures for qualifying investments (Ministry of Trade and Industry).

To ensure compliance, investors must register with the Inland Revenue Division for tax and VAT purposes and submit annual returns. Recent regulatory emphasis has focused on anti-money laundering and tax transparency, with Trinidad and Tobago aligning its practices with the OECD’s Global Forum standards (Financial Intelligence Unit of Trinidad and Tobago).

Looking ahead, fiscal incentives remain a cornerstone of the government’s strategy to attract diversified investment, with continued reforms to enhance transparency and efficiency. The outlook for 2025 and beyond suggests incremental improvements in digital tax administration and targeted incentives for green and knowledge-based industries, as outlined in the government’s recent budget statements (Ministry of Finance).

Sector Deep Dive: Energy, Tourism, and Emerging Industries

Trinidad and Tobago’s investment landscape in 2025 is marked by a dynamic interplay between its well-established energy sector, revitalized tourism efforts, and the cultivation of emerging industries. These sectors remain central to the nation’s economic strategy, guided by updated regulatory frameworks and targeted incentives to attract both local and foreign investors.

Energy Sector: The oil and gas industry continues to be the backbone of Trinidad and Tobago’s economy, accounting for over 30% of GDP and more than 80% of exports. The government’s 2025 strategy emphasizes upstream investments, enhanced gas production, and increased export capacity in liquefied natural gas (LNG) and petrochemicals. The Hydrocarbon Tax Act and Petroleum Taxes Act—most recently amended in 2023—govern fiscal terms and compliance, with incentives for deepwater exploration and methane emission reductions. The country is also pursuing carbon capture and renewable energy projects, supported by the National Energy Policy and overseen by agencies like the Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries. Investors must adhere to strict environmental, safety, and local content regulations, with compliance monitored by the Environmental Management Authority. The government recently signed new production-sharing contracts to boost exploration and is modernizing licensing rounds to attract multinationals and independent producers in 2025.

Tourism Sector: While historically overshadowed by energy, tourism is a priority for economic diversification. The Ministry of Tourism, Culture and the Arts is driving a multi-year strategy to improve infrastructure, incentivize hotel development, and promote eco- and heritage tourism. The Tourism Development Act provides tax holidays, duty concessions, and VAT exemptions for approved tourism projects. In 2025, the government is rolling out a new digital visa system and expanding airlift capacity to facilitate visitor growth. Compliance and licensing requirements are being streamlined, with the Trinidad and Tobago Tourism Regulatory and Licensing Authority set to commence operations, focusing on quality assurance and sustainable practices.

Emerging Industries: The government’s Vision 2030 plan identifies financial technology, creative industries, and agriculture as key growth areas. The Invest Trinidad and Tobago agency offers incentives for ICT, animation, and agribusiness projects, including tax credits, expedited permitting, and funding support. The Special Economic Zones Act, effective from 2023, introduces a new regulatory regime for zone operators and investors, emphasizing transparency, anti-money laundering compliance, and reporting duties enforced by the Trinidad and Tobago Securities and Exchange Commission. The FinTech Regulatory Sandbox, launched by the Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago, enables pilot projects under a controlled environment with robust compliance oversight.

Outlook: The government projects real GDP growth of 2.5% for 2025, with energy, tourism, and new industries driving job creation and export earnings. Continued regulatory modernization and targeted incentives are expected to sustain investor interest, though compliance with evolving environmental, tax, and financial regulations remains essential for all market participants.

Regulatory Compliance and Investment Protections

Trinidad and Tobago offers a structured regulatory environment for investors, anchored by a legal framework that prioritizes both compliance and the protection of investment rights. The cornerstone legislation is the Foreign Investment Act, which governs foreign participation in local businesses, property acquisition, and provides for equal treatment between foreign and domestic investors. Notably, the Ministry of the Attorney General and Legal Affairs stipulates that foreign investors can own up to 100% of a locally incorporated company, except in certain sensitive sectors such as energy and land ownership, where approvals and limits apply.

Regulatory oversight is conducted by several key bodies. The Trinidad and Tobago Securities and Exchange Commission (TTSEC) regulates the capital markets, ensuring transparency, fair dealing, and compliance with anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-financing of terrorism (CFT) requirements. The Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago supervises financial institutions, setting prudential standards and enforcing the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) obligations. Additionally, the Financial Intelligence Unit of Trinidad and Tobago (FIU) enforces AML/CFT compliance, with rigorous reporting requirements for suspicious transactions and large cash movements.

Recent years have seen Trinidad and Tobago strengthen its regulatory regime. In 2023, amendments to the Securities Act enhanced whistleblower protections and increased penalties for market manipulation. Ongoing digitalization of company and property registries under the Ministry of Trade and Industry is streamlining compliance for investors, reducing registration timelines and improving access to due diligence information. The government is also committed to aligning with international standards, as reflected in its continued engagement with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and the Caribbean Financial Action Task Force (CFATF).

Statistically, Trinidad and Tobago attracted over US$600 million in foreign direct investment in 2023, with energy, manufacturing, and financial services as leading sectors (Central Statistical Office). Investor protections are reinforced by dispute resolution mechanisms, including recourse to local courts and international arbitration under ICSID and UNCITRAL rules, as recognized by the Arbitration Act.

Looking ahead to 2025 and beyond, the outlook is positive. Ongoing regulatory reforms, digital transformation, and robust institutional oversight are expected to further enhance compliance standards and investor confidence. However, vigilance remains essential as global AML/CFT expectations evolve. Investors are encouraged to maintain up-to-date knowledge of requirements and leverage official guidance for continued protection and compliance.

Labor Market, Talent Pool, and Workforce Considerations

Trinidad and Tobago’s labor market is characterized by a diverse workforce, a relatively high literacy rate, and a strong tradition in sectors such as energy, manufacturing, and services. As of 2025, the country has a labor force participation rate of approximately 60%, with unemployment historically fluctuating between 4% and 6% in recent years. The majority of the workforce is concentrated in urban areas, particularly Port of Spain and San Fernando, with a notable presence in the public sector and energy industries.

Investors should be mindful of the local labor laws, principally governed by the Industrial Relations Act, Chap. 88:01, which outlines regulations concerning employer-employee relations, collective bargaining, and dispute resolution mechanisms. The Act provides for the establishment of trade unions, which are active in representing workers in both public and private sectors, especially in energy and manufacturing. The Ministry of Labour is the primary authority overseeing compliance, workforce standards, and workplace safety, and it regularly updates employers on relevant policies and statutory requirements. Notably, in recent years, the government has initiated consultations to update the legislative framework to better address emerging gig economy and remote work trends.

Trinidad and Tobago has a robust education system, with near-universal primary and secondary enrollment and a literacy rate exceeding 98%. The tertiary sector includes institutions such as The University of the West Indies (UWI) and the University of Trinidad and Tobago (UTT), producing graduates in engineering, IT, management, and natural sciences. However, employers continue to report skill gaps, particularly in advanced digital, managerial, and technical competencies. To address this, national programs—such as the On-the-Job Training Programme and National Skills Development Programme—seek to enhance employability by providing targeted training and apprenticeships.

Foreign investors should be aware of work permit requirements for expatriate employees. Non-citizens seeking employment must apply through the Ministry of National Security’s Work Permit Secretariat, with permits generally granted where skills shortages exist locally. The government has also streamlined the process to attract specialist talent, particularly in sectors designated as critical to economic diversification.

Looking ahead, the labor market is expected to face both opportunities and challenges. Digital transformation, renewable energy expansion, and diversification efforts will create demand for new skill sets. Meanwhile, wage expectations and industrial relations remain important compliance considerations. Investors are encouraged to engage with local training institutions and government initiatives to ensure workforce readiness and alignment with future sectoral needs.

• Ministry of Labour
• Industrial Relations Act, Chap. 88:01
• Ministry of National Security – Work Permit Application
• Central Statistical Office
• The University of the West Indies (UWI)
• University of Trinidad and Tobago (UTT)

Infrastructure, Digitalization, and Logistics

Investment opportunities in Trinidad and Tobago’s infrastructure, digitalization, and logistics sectors are set to expand significantly in 2025 and the coming years, driven by public and private sector initiatives to modernize the country’s foundational systems. The Government of Trinidad and Tobago (GoRTT) has prioritized infrastructure upgrades as a cornerstone for economic diversification, targeting enhancements in transport, energy, digital connectivity, and logistics efficiency.

From a legal and compliance perspective, investors must adhere to the broad framework laid out in the Ministry of Trade and Industry’s investment guidelines, as well as sector-specific regulations enforced by entities such as the Energy Chamber of Trinidad and Tobago and the Trinidad and Tobago Bureau of Standards. These regulations focus on transparency, anti-corruption, environmental impact, and technical standards, ensuring projects align with national priorities and international best practices.

Recent government efforts include the Ministry of Works and Transport’s ongoing modernization of the nation’s road, highway, and port infrastructure. In 2024–2025, projects such as the Churchill Roosevelt Highway extension and the rehabilitation of the Port of Spain and Point Lisas ports are underway, aiming to improve freight movement and regional connectivity. Additionally, the development of the Phoenix Park Industrial Estate, in partnership with foreign investors, demonstrates a focus on integrated logistics and light manufacturing hubs.

Digitalization is a key pillar, with the Ministry of Digital Transformation implementing the National Digital Transformation Strategy 2022–2026. This strategy prioritizes e-government services, cyber security, and nationwide broadband expansion. Notably, in 2023, Trinidad and Tobago ranked among the Caribbean’s top countries for broadband penetration, with over 80% household coverage and ongoing 5G deployment by leading telecoms. These efforts facilitate smart logistics, digital trade platforms, and support for e-commerce, attracting investors in ICT infrastructure and logistics technology solutions.

Statistically, Trinidad and Tobago’s logistics sector accounted for approximately 7% of GDP in 2023, with container throughput at the Port of Port of Spain exceeding 400,000 TEUs, and air cargo showing steady annual increases (Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago). The government targets further growth via public-private partnerships (PPPs) and incentives managed by InvestTT, the national investment promotion agency.

Looking forward, the outlook for infrastructure, digitalization, and logistics investment in Trinidad and Tobago remains positive. Policy continuity, stable regulatory frameworks, and strategic capital projects are expected to improve the ease of doing business and regional trade integration. Risks to consider include procurement transparency and evolving international compliance standards, but ongoing reforms and digital government initiatives suggest a progressively investor-friendly environment.

Risks, Challenges, and Mitigation Strategies

Investing in Trinidad and Tobago in 2025 presents both opportunities and notable risks, shaped by the country’s economic landscape, regulatory framework, and evolving global conditions. Understanding these challenges and adopting effective mitigation strategies is essential for investors seeking sustainable returns.

Key Risks and Challenges

• Economic Dependence on Energy: Trinidad and Tobago’s economy remains heavily reliant on oil and natural gas exports, which account for a significant portion of GDP and government revenue. This exposes the country to global price volatility and demand fluctuations, as seen during periods of energy market instability (Ministry of Finance).
• Regulatory and Compliance Complexity: The investment environment is governed by multiple regulations, including the Foreign Investment Act, Companies Act, and sector-specific legislation. Recent efforts to enhance anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorism financing (CTF) compliance have introduced stricter due diligence and reporting requirements (Trinidad and Tobago Securities and Exchange Commission). Non-compliance can result in significant penalties and reputational damage.
• Bureaucratic Hurdles: Investors often encounter administrative delays in obtaining permits, licenses, and approvals. The World Bank’s “Doing Business” indicators have historically cited inefficiencies in dealing with construction permits and registering property, though there are ongoing digitalization initiatives (Ministry of Trade and Industry).
• Foreign Exchange Availability: Access to foreign currency continues to be a challenge for businesses, with periodic shortages impacting the repatriation of profits and procurement of imports (Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago).
• Crime and Security: Crime rates, particularly in urban areas, have been cited as a concern for both local and foreign investors. Security costs and risk assessments remain integral operational considerations (Trinidad and Tobago Police Service).

Mitigation Strategies

• Thorough Due Diligence: Engage with local legal and financial advisors to navigate regulatory requirements and ensure compliance with tax, AML, and sectoral laws.
• Investment Incentives: Leverage government incentives provided under the Foreign Investment Act and sector-targeted programs for manufacturing, ICT, and renewable energy (InvestTT).
• Risk Diversification: Consider portfolio diversification across sectors less exposed to energy price cycles, such as tourism, ICT, and manufacturing.
• Robust Security Planning: Implement comprehensive security protocols and engage with local authorities to mitigate operational risks.
• Stay Informed: Monitor updates from regulatory bodies and central authorities for policy changes, compliance updates, and macroeconomic developments.

Looking ahead, Trinidad and Tobago is working to modernize its regulatory processes and diversify its economic base. However, investors should remain vigilant, proactive, and adaptable to the dynamic risk environment through 2025 and beyond.

2025–2030 Outlook: Trends, Forecasts, and Strategic Recommendations

The investment landscape in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) for 2025–2030 is shaped by a combination of evolving regulatory frameworks, economic diversification initiatives, and ongoing global trends. The government continues to prioritize foreign direct investment (FDI), particularly in sectors beyond traditional oil and gas, such as renewable energy, manufacturing, and digital services. In 2024, the Ministry of Trade and Industry reaffirmed its commitment to improving the ease of doing business, streamlining approvals, and enhancing investor support through agencies like InvestTT and the Trinidad and Tobago International Financial Centre (Ministry of Trade and Industry).

Key legislative developments are on the horizon. The Companies (Amendment) Act, passed in late 2023, strengthens corporate governance and increases compliance obligations for both local and foreign enterprises. Enhanced anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorism financing (CTF) measures, in line with Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recommendations, are being implemented, with the Financial Intelligence Unit of Trinidad and Tobago intensifying enforcement. Taxation reforms, including updates to the Value Added Tax (VAT) regime and incentives for green investments, are expected to take effect in the 2025–2027 period (Inland Revenue Division).

Economic indicators suggest cautious optimism. According to the Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago, GDP growth is forecasted at 2.5% for 2025, driven by energy sector stabilization and a gradual recovery in tourism and trade. Inflation is projected to remain moderate, in the 4–5% range, though external shocks could pose risks. FDI inflows are expected to increase moderately, particularly in LNG, petrochemicals, and emerging tech sectors.

• The Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange (TTSE) is focusing on digitization and improved market transparency, which is anticipated to attract more local and regional investors (Trinidad and Tobago Securities and Exchange Commission).
• Special Economic Zones (SEZs), governed by the SEZ Act of 2022, are rolling out, offering tax concessions and streamlined customs procedures aimed at manufacturing and logistics investors (Trinidad and Tobago Special Economic Zones Authority).
• Renewable energy and climate resilience projects are gaining momentum, supported by fiscal incentives and regulatory clarity provided by recent amendments to the Energy Sector Fiscal Regime (Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries).

Strategically, investors are advised to monitor regulatory updates, prioritize compliance, and explore opportunities in non-energy sectors as the government pursues diversification. The outlook for 2025–2030 is cautiously positive, contingent upon sustained reforms and continued policy support for investment facilitation and economic resilience.

Sources & References

• Trinidad and Tobago Securities and Exchange Commission
• Invest Trinidad and Tobago
• Caribbean Financial Action Task Force
• Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago
• Central Statistical Office
• Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries
• Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
• Income Tax Act
• Environmental Management Authority
• Trinidad and Tobago Securities and Exchange Commission
• Ministry of the Attorney General and Legal Affairs
• Central Statistical Office
• Ministry of Labour
• The University of the West Indies (UWI)
• University of Trinidad and Tobago (UTT)